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Phobia
Definition:
A persistent, irrational fear of an object, activity or situation that compels a person to avoid it, and causes distress and function impairment, is usualy named - simple phobia .
The fear and anxiety can also be more extensive an implicate a persistent irrational fear of situations in which the person may be closely watched and judged by others, as in public speaking, eating, or using public facilities (social phobia).
Social phobias are characterized by fear and avoidance of situations in which a person may be subject to the scrutiny of others. The fear may be complicated by a lack of social skills due to lack of practice or to a high level of anxiety. Everyday activities may generate anxiety, and the fears may be specific, such as using public restrooms or eating in public. The onset may occur in adolescence and be associated with parental overprotectiveness or limited social opportunity. Males and females are affected equally with this disorder.
Phobias produce anxiety and often panic that is out of proportion to the actual threat of the feared object or situation. Common simple phobias are those involving animals or insects, a fear of high places, a fear of lightening, a fear of flying, or other fears. These are very common in young children, and do not represent an abnormality.
In most cases, the phobias stem from an actual confrontation with the feared object or situation. Most simple phobias do not interfere with an individual’s normal functioning to the point of seeking treatment. Phobias affect 7% of the population. There is usually no family history of mental illness or of the same phobia.
There is no known prevention. Treatment may be helpful in reducing or understanding the attacks.
Exposure to object of phobia provokes anxiety reaction
Anxiety and discomfort that is out of proportion to the threat of the feared object causes:
Sweating
Poor motor control
Rapid heart rate
Feelings of weakness - cowardice
Loss of self-esteem may occur when avoiding object of the phobia
Avoidance of social situations
Anxiety in social situations
Phobias tend to be chronic, but can respond to treatment. The goal of treatment is to help the person function more effectively or to get a better understanding of the symptoms. The success of the treatment usually depends upon the severity of the phobia.
Systematic desensitization is a behavioral technique used to treat phobias. It is based upon having the person relax, then imagine the components of the phobia, working from the least fearful to the most fearful. Graded real life exposure has also been used with success to help people overcome their fears.
Measures to improve self esteem are helpful. Social skills training may be helpful.
Anti-anxiety and anti-depressive medications are sometimes used to help relieve the symptoms associated with phobias. A dependency on the medication is a possible side effect of this treatment.
Some phobias may have consequences that affect job performance or social functioning.
Contact us for an appointment if the phobia is interfering with life activities.
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The most useful psychology websites on internet right now and a parenting magazines online. You find the psychology of dreams, child learning disabilities, psychological effects of child abuse, psychology articles about bipolar disorder, autism treatments, borderline personality disorder, genetic disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, eating disorders, attention deficit disorder, schizophrenia, seasonal affective disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, treatments for depression, mens health, health insurance, parent and health information, motherhood maternity, womens health and with the best focus on the family in child psychology within the psychology today. Learn about parenting, early child development and the stages of child development and visit our advertisers for maternity clothes and maternity clothing! We give you the news in psychology articles and health information about psychological disorders and welfare!